Naironi zvinhuinoshandiswa zvakanyanya, diki kusvika kune naironi masokisi, hombe kusvika kumota injini dzeparutivi, nezvimwewo, yakafukidza zvese zvehupenyu hwedu.Nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekushandisa, izvo zvinodikanwa zvenaironi zvinhu zvivakwa zvakare zvakasiyana, senge tembiricha yekudzivirira, kupfeka kuramba uye kupikisa kuramba, makemikari agent kuramba, kujeka uye kusimba.
Yakajairika nylon, kazhinji inoreva PA6, PA66 mhando mbiri dzakajairika.Yakajairika nylon mune yakakwidziridzwa, inodzoreredza murazvo uye zvimwe zvigadziriso zvichange zvichine zvikanganiso zvakakura, senge yakasimba hydrophilicity, yakakwirira tembiricha kuramba, kushata pachena uye zvichingodaro, kudzikamisa mamwe maapplication.
Naizvozvo, kuitira kuti tivandudze zvikanganiso uye kuwedzera hunhu hutsva, kazhinji nekuunza itsva synthetic monomers, tinogona kuwana nhevedzano yeakakosha nylon ine hunhu hwakasiyana hunogona kusangana nezviitiko zvakasiyana zvekushandisa, zvakanyanya kukamurwa kuita.high tembiricha naironi, refu kabhoni cheni nylon, nylon yakajeka, bio-based zvinhu nylon uye naironi elastomer uye zvichingodaro.
Zvadaro, ngatitaure pamusoro pezvikamu zvenylon inokosha, maitiro avo uye mashandisirwo.
Kuronga uye kushandisa mienzaniso yenaironi yakakosha
1. High tembiricha kuramba -- tembiricha naironi
Chekutanga, naironi yepamusoro-tembiricha inoreva zvinhu zvenaironi zvinogona kushandiswa munzvimbo inopfuura 150 ° C kwenguva yakareba.
Iyo yakanyanya kupisa tembiricha yenylon tembiricha inowanzo kuwanikwa nekuunza rigid anonhuwirira monomers.Semuyenzaniso, naironi yese-inonhuhwirira, yakajairika ndeyeDuPont's Kevlar, iyo inogadzirwa nekuita kwep-benzoyl chloride ine p-phenylenediamine kana p-amino-benzoic acid, inonzi PPTA, inogona kuchengetedza simba rakanaka pa280 °. C ye200h.
Zvisinei, iyo yose inonhuwira yakakwiriratembiricha naironihaina kunaka kugadzirisa uye yakaoma kuwana jekiseni kuumbwa, saka iyo semi-inonhuhwirira yakakwirira tembiricha nylon yakasanganiswa nealiphatic uye inonhuhwirira inonyanya kufarirwa.Parizvino, akawanda emhando yepamusoro-yekupisa enylon, akadai sePA4T, PA6T, PA9T, PA10T, nezvimwewo, anonyanya kunhuhwirira epamusoro-tembiricha nylon polymerized kubva kukatwasuka ketani aliphatic diamine uye terephthalic acid.
Yepamusoro tembiricha nylon inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvemotokari, zvikamu zvemakanika uye zvikamu zvemagetsi / zvemagetsi.
2. High kuoma - refu kabhoni cheni naironi
Yechipiri irefu kabhoni ketani naironi, iyo inowanzo reva zvinhu zvenaironi zvine anopfuura gumi mamethylenes mucheni yemamorekuru.
Kune rimwe divi, refu kabhoni ketani nylon ine akawanda methylene mapoka, saka ine yakakwirira kuoma uye kupfava.Nekune rimwe divi, kudzikiswa kwedensity yemapoka emaamide pane molecular chain inoderedza zvakanyanya hydrophilicity uye inonatsiridza kugadzikana kwayo, uye mhando dzayo PA11, PA12, PA610, PA1010, PA1212 zvichingodaro.
Seyakakosha akasiyana einjiniya mapurasitiki, refu kabhoni ketani nylon ine zvakanakira kudzika kwemvura kunyura, yakanaka yakadzika tembiricha kuramba, saizi yakagadzikana, kusimba kwakanaka, kupfeka-inodzivirira kuvhunduka kubatwa, nezvimwewo, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari, kutaurirana, muchina. , midziyo yemagetsi, aerospace, zvinhu zvemitambo nezvimwe minda.
3. Kujeka kwepamusoro - nylon yakajeka
Naironi yakajairika inowanzotaridzika kupenya, kufambiswa kwechiedza pakati pe50% ne80%, uye transmittance yenylon yakajeka inodarika 90%.
Naironi yakajeka inogona kugadziridzwa nenzira dzemuviri uye dzemakemikari.Iyo yemuviri nzira ndeyekuwedzera nucleating agent uye kuderedza saizi yayo yezviyo kune inooneka wavelength renji kuti uwane microcrystalline transparent nylon.Iyo kemikari nzira ndeyekuunza monomer ine mativi boka kana ring dhizaini, inoparadza kugarisa kwemamorekuru cheni, uye kuwana amorphous yakajeka nylon.
Transparent nylon inogona kushandiswa kugadzira chinwiwa uye kurongedza chikafu, asi zvakare inogona kugadzira zviridzwa zvemaziso uye zvikamu zvekombuta, kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kwekutarisa Windows, X-ray chiridzwa hwindo, metering zviridzwa, electrostatic copier yekuvandudza kuchengetedza, mwenje wakasarudzika chivharo, midziyo uye midziyo yekubata chikafu. .
4. Kugara - Bio-basedMaterials Nylon
Parizvino, mazhinji eanogadzira monomers emhando dzenylon anobva kupetroleum yekunatsa nzira, uye iyo inogadzirwa monomer yebio-based zvinhu nylon inobva kubiological raw material yekubvisa nzira, seArkema kuburikidza nenzira yekubvisa mafuta ecastor kuti uwane amino undecanoic. asidhi uyezve synthetic naironi 11.
Kuenzaniswa neyechinyakare-yakavakirwa mafuta-yakavakirwa zvinhu naironi, iyo bio-yakavakirwa zvinhu naironi haina chete yakakosha yakaderera-kabhoni uye yezvakatipoteredza zvakanakira, asi zvakare inokwanisa kusangana neakasiyana mashandiro ekuita kwemhinduro, senge Shandong Kaisai bio-based PA5X akatevedzana, Arkema. Rilsan akatevedzana muzvikamu zvemotokari, midziyo yemagetsi uye 3D indasitiri yekudhinda uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakashandiswa zvinobudirira.
5.Yakakwirira elasticity - nylon elastomer
Nylon elastomerinoreva mhando dzenaironi dzine kusimba kwepamusoro, huremu huremu uye humwe hunhu, asi zvakakodzera kuti titaure kuti mamolecular cheni inoumbwa nenylon elastomer haisi yese polyamide cheni zvikamu, uye polyether kana polyester cheni zvikamu, iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa yekutengeserana akasiyana polyether block amide. (PEBA).
Maitiro ePEBA akanyanya kusimba simba, yakanaka elastic kupora, yakakwira yakaderera tembiricha yekukanganisa simba, yakanakisa yakadzika tembiricha kuramba, yakanakisa antistatic kuita, nezvimwewo, iyo inoshandiswa mukukwira makomo shangu, ski bhutsu, kunyararidza giya uye ekurapa catheter.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-27-2023